Análise da adoção da agricultura de baixa emissão de carbono no extremo sul da Bahia: situação e potencialidades

Abstract

Low-Carbon Agriculture (ABC) has the capacity to reduce GHG emissions in the agricultural sector, through the adoption of agricultural practices and technologies that are capable of mitigating the intensity of emissions. Considering that the Extreme South of Bahia (ERFSB) region stands out in the expansion of agriculture and that there is a problem regarding GHG emissions in this sector, which causes several environmental impacts, this dissertation aimed to analyze the adoption of ABC and its potential in ERFSB. It should be noted that the incentive policies for the ABC Program are implemented at the state level, therefore, in order to understand and compare the ERFSB panorama, an analysis of the adoption of the ABC/ABC+ Program in the State of Bahia was also carried out. To collect data related to the adoption of ABC, forms were prepared and submitted to companies operating in the agricultural and livestock sectors, with the aim of facilitating the understanding of the practices used by them. The properties were also mapped in order to create location maps of these properties. The areas were mapped using the Fields Area Measure software, version 2.16.5, and the maps were prepared using the software called QGIS, version 3.342, favoring their analysis. To analyze the adoption of the ABC/ABC+ Program in Bahia, data was collected on the granting and adoption of financing through the Central Bank of Brazil (CBB) and the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (NBESD). The collected data were analyzed, accounted for, and organized in Microsoft Excel 2016, resulting in the preparation of graphs and, later, maps using QGIS, version 3.34.2. Relevant information was obtained from ERFSB regarding the reality of enterprises that already adopt ABC in their agricultural and livestock activities, as well as regarding the adoption of financing from the ABC/ABC+ Program in the State of Bahia and the region's potential for adopting such programs. With this data collected, a broad view of the State of Bahia and ERFSB was obtained. The data collected in this research will even facilitate the promotion of the ABC Plan (Low Carbon Agriculture Plan) in the region, which aims to reduce GHG emissions, resulting in the mitigation of environmental impacts in the agricultural sector.